This is the third post in the “Divorce & Hidden Money” series:

One divorcing wife explained to me that she believed her husband had hidden money in offshore bank accounts.  This divorcing wife found a box her husband inadvertently left  in the basement after he moved out of their marital residence.  The box had an account opening application from one offshore bank and brochures from others.

Another divorcing wife found some correspondence at the family’s summer home.  The correspondence  was between her husband and the foreign attorney who helped establish the husband’s secret offshore bank accounts.  A different divorcing wife found a scrap of paper on which her husband had scrawled the name of a Swiss banker and a Swiss financial account number.

The above-described matters raised the same question, how could these husbands secretly transfer funds across international borders into offshore bank accounts?  Like narco-traffickers, tax evaders, terrorist financiers and others, divorcing spouses may use the following methods to secretly transfer assets:

Bulk Cash Smuggling– Determined criminals routinely smuggle cash through porous borders.  Illicit cash couriers for instance, travel through Mexico-U.S. border crossings on behalf of  Mexican drug cartels.  German tax cheats are also known to smuggle undeclared cash into Liechtenstein by stashing the cash in luggage and then driving with it across the German-Liechtenstein border.

Portable Valuable Commodities Like Diamonds & Jewelry– After his arrest, Bernard Madoff seemingly tried to transfer watches, cufflinks and other jewelry worth more than $1 million.  Madoff attempted to mail these items to friends and relatives.  Bradley Birkenfeld the whistleblower, is believed to have similarly smuggled diamonds in a tube of toothpaste while on a jet flying across U.S.-Swiss borders.Continue Reading Divorce & Hidden Money: Four Ways Assets Can Be Secretly Transferred

This is the second post in the “Divorce & Hidden Money” series:

A divorcing spouse may combine a number of elements in one scheme to hide marital assets.  Bearer shares can be one of these elements, as more fully set forth at my post Bearer Shares & An Asset Search.  Bearer shares

This is the first post in the “Divorce & Hidden Money” series:

During ultra-high net worth divorces, one party can conceal vast sums of money from the other by going offshore.  Stated differently, divorcing spouses may hide their wealth by utilizing cross-border elements, as money launderers do.   The Financial Action Task Force

A successful asset search often requires gathering financial intelligence.  One financial investigator sought financial intelligence by doing “trash pulls”.  This investigator did trash pulls at an attorney’s home to elicit intelligence about the attorney’s client.  During one of these trash pulls, an envelope bearing the name of a climate-controlled art storage facility was discovered.  This

If your are suing your adversary over hidden assets, you might be able to use link charts.  You can use the charts in court to show how your adversary has hidden money or other assets. Financial Intelligence Units, local law enforcement, prosecutors, etc. visually analyze data through link charts like the one below from

Money laundering typically involves disguising the true beneficial ownership of funds or other assets which are the proceeds of crime.  Because money laundering often extends beyond just one nation’s borders, over 170 jurisdictions worldwide have adopted the anti-money laundering policies of the Financial Action Task Force.  Some nations also follow the anti-money laundering recommendations

A litigant demonstrating that an adversary has hidden assets offshore, bears the burden of proof in court under Federal Rule of Evidence 301 or other evidentiary  rules.  Such a litigant may be able to satisfy this burden with admissible evidence like authenticated copies of an adversary’s offshore bank account records.  Evidence like admissible copies of

I. NOMINEE BANK ACCOUNTS

Beneficial owners can try to use a nominee, (i.e. intermediary/straw owner), to hide money with complete anonymity in a bank account. Through websites like Offshore-Protection.com beneficial owners may purchase a shell company and retain a nominee director for the shell company.  The beneficial owner may then title a bank account in